郑玄改动“《关雎》后妃之德”及原因探析——以“逑,匹”与“怨耦曰仇”的训诂为切入点

Zheng Xuan's Change of Queen Morality of ‘GUANJU’ and Analysis of the Reasons: From the Gloss of ‘Qiu is Partner’( 逑,匹)and ‘Resentful Partner is Hostility’( 怨耦曰仇)

郑玄改"逑"为"仇"、改"逑,匹"(《毛传》)为"怨耦曰仇",实现了对"《毛诗·关雎》"后妃之德"的转换。前人多认为是郑依刘向《列女传》改毛或郑误读《诗序》,但误读与选择的背后都存有价值判断。笔者尝试从郑玄所处时代的后妃观念、从东汉后宫的妃嫔伦理等方面探讨郑玄改动经传的缘由及注经时的现实关照与理想寄托。

Zheng Xuan displaces ‘Queen Morality＇ of ‘Mao Shi GUANJU＇ by altering ‘Qiu （逑） as Chou （仇）’and explaining ‘Qiu is partner＇ （逑,匹） as ‘resentful partner is hostility＇ （怨耦曰仇）. Previous research-ers think that Zheng Xuan alters the meaning of Mao by misreading ＇ Mao Foreword＇ and quoting Stories about Famous Women ofLiu Xiang（《列女传》）. However, it may be implied by valuation besides misreading and choice. The Confucian idea of empress and the harem ethics in the late Eastern Han, which is realistic basis, affect formation of new queen - morality of Zheng. From the transformation of note, we find Zheng Xuan has his own realistic care and hopes when commenting the Book of Songs of Mao.