农村糖尿病患者生存质量影响因素研究

A study on the influential factors for quality of life among patients with diabetes in rural area

目的探讨糖尿病患者社会人口学特征及社会支持情况对其生存质量的影响。方法采用多阶段抽样方法,随机抽取桐庐县5个乡镇每个乡镇6个村,每个村10例糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,利用"世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表中文版"评价生存质量,利用"社会支持评定量表"调查社会支持情况。结果抽样调查糖尿病患者300例,其中男性114例,女性186例;小学及以下学历占64.33%;农民、普通工人分别占76.00%和12.33%;家庭月均收入低于5 000元占82.00%;参加农村合作医疗保险占77.33%。主观支持对生存质量生理、心理和社会领域得分有影响(P<0.05);高学历人群心理健康、周围环境领域得分较高(P<0.05);新型农村合作医疗保险参保人群生理、社会关系领域得分较低(P<0.05);家庭月均收入5 000元以上者周围环境领域得分明显高于其他人群(P<0.05)。结论农村糖尿病患者生存质量主要受家庭人均收入、学历、医疗保险等社会人口学特征的影响,社会支持也是重要影响因素。

Objective To understand the effects of social demographic characteristics and social support on the quality of life among patients with diabetes.Methods By using multi -stage random sampling,a total of 300 people from Tonglu County were enrolled.Social demographic characteristics were investigated with questionnaire.WHOQOL -BREF was used to evaluate the quality of life of diabetic patients and Social Support Rating Scale to test the situation of social support. Results A total of 114 men and 186 women participated in this study.People with primary school or below were accounted for 64.33%.Famers and workers were accounted for 76.00% and 12.33% respectively.The average monthly income of family was below 3 000 yuan in 82.00% of the participants.People who participated in the rural cooperative medical insurance were accounted for 77.33%.Subjective support had significant influence on the score of physical,mental health and social relationship （P〈0.05）.People with high education had higher scores on the field of mental health and the surrounding environment （P〈0.05 ）.People who participated the new rural cooperative medical insurance had lower scores on the field of physiological and social relationship （P〈0.05）.People whose monthly income of family above 5 000 yuan had a higher score on the field of surrounding environment （P〈0.05）.Conclusion The quality of life of diabetes patients in rural areas may be mainly affected by average monthly income of family,education,health care and other social demographic characteristics factors.Social support was also an important factor for the quality of life.