祠祀空间的形制及其社会成因——从鄂东地区“祠居合一”型大屋谈起

The Form and Its Social Origins of Ancestral Worshipping Space An Elaboration on Big Houses with Ancestral Halls in Eastern Hubei Province

基于鄂东地区的田野调查,分析了"祠居合一"型大屋不同的祠祀空间与形式,通过家谱等文献研究其家族的规模、迁徙和发展状况,进而结合例证分析了明清时期的宗法与户籍等制度的内在联系,揭示了"祠居合一"型大屋或居祠并置的形制也广泛存在于其他地区,非移民家族所特有。最后探讨了祠祀空间的形制与仪礼、社会制度等的关联。

Based on the field work of big houses with ancestral halls in eastern Hubei, this paper presents different spaces and forms within these houses relating to ancestral worship. Through a genealogical analysis of the sizes, migration and development of different clans as recorded in pedigrees, it explicates the innate relation between patriarchal clan system and household registration system in Ming and Qing, revealing that the form of big houses with ancestral halls that also existed elsewhere is not exclusively a product of immigrant clans, It concludes with relationships among the spatial form of worshipping space, rituals and social systems.