补铁对运动性贫血大鼠心肌线粒体呼吸链功能的影响

Effects of Iron Supplement on RCC Function of Myocardium in Sports Anemia Rat

目的 探讨补铁对运动性贫血大鼠心肌线粒体呼吸链功能的影响。方法将雄性 Wistar 大鼠 32 只随机分为 4 组（n=8）：训练组（T）、小剂量补铁＋训练组（S＋T）、中剂量补铁＋训练组（M＋T）和大剂量补铁＋训练组（L＋T），各组大鼠均进行递增负荷运动训练 8 周，每周训练 6 天，补铁大鼠从第 5 周开始补铁。力竭运动后即刻取样，差速离心法提取心肌线粒体。分光光度法测定线粒体呼吸链酶复合体Ⅰ~Ⅳ （CⅠ~Ⅳ）活性。结果 与 T 组相比，S＋T 组和 M＋T 组心肌线粒体呼吸链 CⅠ～CⅣ活性均显著提高（P〈0.01），L＋T 组心肌线粒体呼吸链 CⅡ和CⅢ活性均显著提高（P〈0.05）。结论 大强度运动训练可导致大鼠缺铁性贫血的发生，训练期间复合补铁可提高大鼠血红蛋白、血清铁含量，并可提高大鼠心肌线粒体呼吸链功能及机体有氧工作能力，且中剂量补铁综合效应最佳。

Objective The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of iron supplement on multi - enzymatic comple- xes activity of respiratory chain in mitochondria of myocardium in sports anemia rat. Methods Thirty - two male Wistar rats were randomized to 4 groups （ n = 8 ） ： exercise - training（T） , training with supplementation of small dose iron（ S ＋ T）, training with supplementation of middle dose iron （ M ＋ T） and training with supplementation of large dose iron （ L ＋ T） , Training performed incremental exercise for 8 week, 6 days/week, iron supplementation from fifth weeks . Heart were pre- pared immediately after exhaustive running, myocardium mitochondria were extracted by differential eentrifugation. Speetro- photometric analysis was used to evaluate activities of respiratory chain complex （C） Ⅰ - Ⅳ in myocardium mitochondria. Results showed that C Ⅰ - C Ⅳ activities in S ＋ T and M ＋ T groups were increased remarkably （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; C Ⅱ and C Ⅲactivities in L ＋ T group was increased remarkably （P 〈 0.05 ） compared with those in T group. These results suggest that high intensity exercise training can induce iron deficiency anemia, composite iron supplementation can improve Hb, serum iron content, mitochondrial respiratory chain function of myocardium and aerobic working capacity, the effect of middle dose is best.