银杏叶与山楂提取物配伍治疗SHR高血压的实验研究

Study on antihypertensive effect for the extracts and prescriptions from ginkgobiloba leaf and fructus crataegi to spontaneously hypertensive rats

目的:探讨银杏叶、山楂提取物配伍联用治疗高血压模型动物的作用和机制。方法:自发高血压大鼠(Spontaneously hypertensive rats,SHR)的基础血压值随机分成7组(模型对照、卡托普利、银杏叶提取物、山楂提取物、银杏叶/山楂提取物1:1、1:2和1:3配伍组),同时选用SD大鼠作为正常对照组,每组10只动物,按设计剂量(卡托普利35 mg/kg,银杏叶提取物150 mg/kg,山楂提取物组130 mg/kg,其他均为300 mg/kg)每日给予受试物,对照组给予蒸馏水,连续30天,以尾脉搏法测定血压。每周测量血压、心率和体重一次,实验末摘眼球采血并处死动物,计算心室指数,血液分离血清后测定血清中一氧化氮、丙二醛的含量以及总超氧化歧化酶的活力。结果:实验末,山楂提取物、银杏叶/山楂提取物1:2和1:3配伍组的动物收缩压明显低于模型对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),而各组对动物的心率、体重无明显影响。山楂提取物和1:3配伍组的动物心室指数和血清中丙二醛含量明显降低,一氧化氮水平则显著升高,且1:3配伍组血清中总超氧化歧化酶的活力也明显升高;此外,银杏叶提取物组的动物血清中丙二醛含量也明显降低,而总超氧化歧化酶的活力则显著升高。结论:银杏叶和山楂提取物按1:3配伍联用能协同有效降低SHR的血压,保护累及的组织器官,其作用机制为通过调节内皮依赖性舒血管物质减少外周血管阻力,同时通过抗氧化作用来保护高血压诱发的重要组织器官损伤。

Objective： To explore antihypertensive effect and mechanism for the extracts and prescriptions from ginkgobiloba leaf and fructus crataegi to spontaneously hypertensive rats（ SHR）. Methods： Tail-artery blood pressure measurement was adopted. 70 healthy adult SHR were randomly divided into 7 groups（ model control,captopril,ginkgobiloba leaf extracts（ GLEs）,fructus crataegi extracts（ FCEs） and three prescriptions which contained GLEs and FCEs of 1： 1,1： 2,1： 3） according to their basic systolic blood pressure（ SBP）. And 10 SpragueDawley（ SD） rats were taken in a normal control group. Before being grouped,they were adapted to the measurement time after time. The rats had been administered by oral gavage with different concentrations of test articles（ captopril 35 mg / kg,GLEs 150 mg / kg,FCEs 130 mg /kg and others 300 mg / kg） and distilled water（ for controls） for 30 days while SBP,heart rate（ HR） and avoirdupois were measured weekly.At the end of the experiment,heart ventricle indexes,levels of nitric oxide（ NO） and malondialdehyde（ MDA） as well as activity of total superoxide dismutase（ T-SOD） in serums of rats were measured. Results： SBP of SHR in the groups of FCEs and two prescriptions（ GLEs /FCEs of 1： 2,1： 3） were reduced significantly compared with the model control group（ P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01）. Meanwhile HR and avoirdupois of all rats were not effected obviously. Heart ventricle indexes and MDA of SHR in the groups of FCEs and the prescription（ 1： 3） decreased significantly and the level of NO was obviously higher. On the other hand,activity of T-SOD in the group of the prescription（ 1： 3）increased significantly. Furthermore,MDA in the group of GLEs decreased significantly while activities of T-SOD increased obviously compared with the model control group（ P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01）. Conclusion： The rational prescription from GLEs and FCEs of 1： 3 can effectively reduce blood pressure and protect organs of the SHR. It has similar therapeutic effect with Captopril,the traditional antihypertensive drug. The mechanism is the reduction in peripheral vascular resistance by adjusting the endothelium-dependent vasodilator,meanwhile to protect vital organs against hypertension-induced damages by antioxidant effect.