青光眼的药物治疗概况

Profiles of glaucoma medication

作为全球公认的不可逆致盲眼病,青光眼可出现病理性眼压升高,进行性视神经节细胞及轴突丢失,视杯进行性扩大加深及视野缺损扩大。多种研究认为,兴奋性氨基酸毒性、氧化损伤、细胞内Ca2+超载、细胞凋亡等多种致病因素共同参与了青光眼的发生发展,目前临床上已有多种药物及手术治疗方案来控制青光眼进一步恶化,也有更多新药及方法正在开发过程中。本文就目前抗青光眼药物做一系统概述。

As a globally recognized irreversible blindness disease, glaucoma can lead to pathological intraocular hypertension, loss of optic ganglion cells and axonal progressive, more and more deep optic cup, and the expanded visual field defect. Various researches show that excitatory amino acid toxicity, oxidative damage, apoptosis, intracellular Ca2＋overloading etc. , pathogenic factors are all involved in the occurrence and deveIOPment of glaucoma. Now, a variety of clinical drugs and operation treatment are applied to control the glaucoma progress. Further more, there are many new drugs and methods in the process of deveIOPment. This is an article on the current anti-glaucoma drugs.