生命历程理论及其在长期空间行为研究中的应用

LIFE COURSE PARADIGM AND ITS APPLICATIONS FOR LONG-TERM SPATIAL BEHAVIOR

要:生命历程理论试图通过时间维度来建构生命事件与社会环境和个体等制约间的互动关系。空间行为研究逐步由形态描述向过程和机制研究转变。生命历程理论为长期空间行为研究提供了较新的研究视角。本文试图将社会空间元素融入生命历程理论中,将长期空间行为自身及其社会空间影响作为事件状态的重要内容,从轨迹、转折点、持续期等角度来分析长期空间行为的发展演化及其社会空间后果,利用事件状态变化的恰当时间(timing)和转折点,把事件状态变化动态地置于当时的历史情境中,分析长期空间行为与社会路线、个体路线之间的内在联系。建议尽快合作开展长期空间行为纵贯调查,加强数据共享和团队合作,这是加强国内人文地理学的微观、动态和过程研究的现实需要。

At present, the domestic long-term spatial behavior research has transformed from morphological description to process-oriented research, and pays more attention to process and mechanism of spatial behav- ior＇s constructing the urban social space in domestic. This paper attempts to integrate the socio-spatial ele- ments into the life course theory and uses long-term spatial behavior and its socio-spatial effect as main parts of event state to analyze the development evolution and socio-spatial consequences of long-term spatial be- havior from the angels of trajectory, transition and duration. Using the timing and transition of event state change to put dynamic change of event state under the historical situation, social power and extemal impacts in different realms on the macro level in event state changing as well as the impacts on the event state change from individual initiative could be analyzed. Life course theory also can relate the long-term spatial behavior and its social spatial impacts with the factors including institutional environment, and individual features etc. dynamically, and so construct the research framework of internal relationship between long- term spatial behavior （behavior route） and social route and individual route, and of internal relationship be- tween ＂institutional environment change-individual initiative-spatial behavior （and its socio-spatial effect）＂. Qualitative research method which should be paid more attention to in life course paradigm for long-term spatial behavior should be laid stress on ＂reconstruction, shape, embody and regulation＂ of process of analyz- ing the social, cultural and institutional background for long-term spatial behaviors. Spatial showing ability should be enhanced for life course research. In addition to describe the describe long-term spatial behavior and its relative life events and social roles, the institutional and system change, individual initiative change also should be stressed as important dimensions for spatial depiction of life path.