重庆主城区社会空间结构分析

THE SOCIAL SPATIAL STRUCTURE IN THE CENTRAL URBAN AREA OF CHONGQING BASED ON DATA OF CENSUS 2000

以重庆市主城区社会空间结构作为研究对象,以五普人口普查数据为基础,利用因子生态分析手段,采用聚类分析方法,对重庆主城区社会区加以分析。结果表明影响2000年重庆主城区社会区形成的主因子有蓝领人口因子、白领人口因子、居住条件因子、外来人口因子4个;将2000年重庆主城区社会区划分为六个主要类型,其空间分布呈现出明显的"马赛克和圈层"结构,内圈表现为马赛克分布,被外圈农业人口分布区所包围。从主城区层面上看,社会区分布表现出一定非规律性;在组团内反映了一种内在的规律性。

This paper uses the factorial ecology analysis and cluster analysis （Ward＇s method） to explore the social spatial structure of metropolitan area of Chongqing in 2000, based on the Fifth National Population Census data at the sub-district （jiedao） level in Chongqing. The result reveals that major factors influencing social structure in Chongqing included population of ordinary workers, White-collar population, housing con- dition, asweU as floating population. According to the factor scores in 2000, the metropolitan area of Chongq- ing was divided into six types of social areas. The urban social structure exhibited a pattern with the synthe- sis of mosaic and circle pattern： mosaic pattern in the inner ring-belt and circle pattern in the outer ring-belt mainly composed of agricultural population. Overall, the distribution of social space seemed irregular in the whole downtown, but it showed similarities of distribution in each subdivision of social area. The social-spa- tial structure was mainly influenced by the factors of natural geographical background, historical structure, evolution of urban structure. Firstly, from the background of natural geography, the pattern of mountains and rivers determines that urban construction cost and social spatial structure will much higher and complex than plain cities in eastern China. Secondly, from the development of a historical pattern, since as the provisional capital and three -line construction（san xian jian she）, the urban structure of Chongqing had seen many fis- sions, as well as typical group-like structures. Furthermore, in the view of urban evolution, the social spatial structure is the resuks of the mutual coupling of policy and market factors like the normal cities.