自噬与凋亡的相互关系在肿瘤方面的研究进展

Research progresses on the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis in tumor

肿瘤是一类涉及基因、代谢和信号传导异常等多方面因素引起的疾病,其发生的分子机制相当复杂,但本质上仍与细胞增殖与死亡的动态失衡有关。程序性细胞死亡(programmed cell death,PCD)是由基因控制的自杀程序引起的主动性死亡,对于多细胞生物个体发育的正常进行,维持内环境稳态以及抵御外界各种干扰因素方面有着关键性的意义。I型PCD(经典细胞凋亡)和II型PCD(自噬性细胞死亡)调控着肿瘤细胞的增殖与消耗,与肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。本文结合近年来国内外研究进展,重点就自噬在肿瘤中的作用以及与凋亡的相互关系作一综述。

Tumor is a class of diseases caused by various factors such as genomic abnormalities, metabolic abnormalities and signal transduction dysregulation. The molecular mechanism of tumorigenesis is quite complicated, but it is essentially related to the dynamic imbalance of cell proliferation and cell death. Programmed cell death （ programmed cell death, PCD） is genetically regulated process of cell suicide, which has critical significance for normal ontogeny of multicellular organisms,maintaining homeostasis and resisting a variety of external interference factors. Type I PCD （classical apoptosis） and type II PCD （autophagic cell death） control the proliferation and consumption of tumor cells, which are closely related to tumorigenesis and development. With the most frontier studies in the field, this re- view mainly focuses on autophagy~ role in cancer and its relationship with apoptosis.