口腔颌面-头颈黏膜黑色素瘤的诊治现状和进展

The Present Therapeutic Strategies and Future Prospects of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Mucosal Melanoma

口腔颌面-头颈部是黏膜黑色素瘤的高发部位,该病侵袭性强,易发生区域和远处转移,预后很差,临床治疗有很大的难度。经过多年的临床经验总结,口腔黏膜黑色素瘤的综合序列治疗方法已经形成,治疗效果有所提高。近年来,随着分子生物学的迅速发展,肿瘤的分子诊断和靶向治疗取得了巨大突破,尤其是小分子抑制剂和免疫调节治疗的发展,打开了晚期黑色素瘤治疗的突破口。目前,口腔颌面-头颈黏膜黑色素瘤的治疗已向个体化治疗的方向发展。

Oral and maxillofacial-head and neck are region with high incidence of mucosal melanoma. The neoplasm is rare but aggressive, with high incidence of regional or distant metastasis. The prognosis is extremely poor. Combined serial therapy had been established which had improved the outcome of patients. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology, molecular diagnosis in oncology and targeted therapy, especially on pharmacological inhibitor and im- munomodtdation, had achieved major progress in the treatment of advanced melanoma. At present, personalized medicine is being introduced into the treatment of oral and maxillofacial-head and neck mucosal melanoma.