上海市杨浦区学龄前儿童行为问题的现况调查

Prevalence of Behavioral Problems in Preschoolers in Yangpu District of Shanghai

目的：了解上海市杨浦区学龄前儿童行为问题发生现况,以便更好地进行儿童心理卫生保健工作。方法：使用Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL,适用于4~16周岁,家长用）对上海市杨浦区五角场街道572名4~6岁儿童行为问题现况进行调查并分析。结果：儿童行为问题检出率为20.10%,其中男童为22.41%,女童为17.58%,两者之间差异无统计学意义（χ2=2.07,P〉0.05）;男童前3位行为问题因子依次为性问题、分裂样及社会退缩,女童前3位行为问题因子依次为性问题、肥胖及多动。结论：本次调查发现学龄前儿童心理行为问题发生率高,且行为问题因子以性问题等为主。应针对学龄前儿童早期行为问题进行干预,加强儿童心理卫生问题的健康教育。

Objective： This study aimed to measure the prevalence of behavioral problems in preschoolers in Yangpu District of Shanghai,to provide mental health care to children.Methods：The questionnaire,Achenbach＇s Child Behavior Checklist （CBCL） was administered in a group setting to the main caregiver of 572 children aged between 4 and 6 years from Yangpu District Wujiaochang Street of Shanghai.Results：The prevalence rate of behavioral problems in the study population was 20.10%,with the rates of 22.41% and 17.58% in the boys and girls respectively.There was no statistically significant difference between them （X2=2.07,P〉 0.05 ）.The first three behavioral problems in the boys were sexual problems,schizoidia and social withdrawal,while the first three behavioral problems in the girls were sexual problems,obesity and hyperactivity.Conclusion：The study suggests the incidence of preschool children＇s behavioral and emotional problems be high,and moreover, the major problems is sexual problems.We should intervene in early behavioral problems of preschoolers,strengthen the health education of children＇s mental health problems.