黍稷种质资源表型性状综合评价

Phenotypes Comprehensive Evaluation of Proso Millet Germplasm

对225份黍稷种质的9个表型性状进行综合评价,结果显示,平均株高127.72 cm,平均主穗长36.66 cm,平均茎节数7.34节,平均单株粒质量7.46 g,平均千粒质量6.78 g,平均生育期93.07 d,变异系数范围在0.15~0.56之间,遗传多样性指数均较高;各表型性状分布较集中。相关分析表明,除穗型与单株粒质量和千粒质量显著相关外,花序色、穗型、粒色大多与其他6个数量性状相关性不显著,数量性状中除生育期与单株粒质量和千粒质量相关性不显著外,其他都互为显著相关,且大多数为极显著相关。主成分分析表明,前5个主成分的累积贡献率达84.59%。综合评价表明,黑龙江4105-2的综合评价值最低,临河大黄黍的综合评价值最高。

The nine phenotypic indexes of 225 proso millet resources were determined. The results showed that average height was127.72 cm, the average length of the main spike was 36.66 cm, the average count of nodes was 7.34, and the average individual plant of grain weight was 7.46 g. Proso millet resources＇ the average thousand grain weight was 6.78 g, and average growth period was 93.07 days.The range of variation coefficient was 0.15- 0.56, and all indexes were higher using for evaluating genetic diversity. By analyzing phenotypic traits distribution of the 225 parts proso millet resources, it indicated that green inflorescence and casual ear type were common phenotypic characteristics in proso millet. The grain colors was rich, for example： brown, yellow, red and white- yellow, which were the most common. While quantitative traits were more concentrated. Through correlation research of the nine phenotypes, it showed that inflorescence color, ear type, grain color and the other six quantitative traits were not significantly correlation basically, in addition to significantly related to ear type and seed weight and thousand grain weight. The growing period was not significantly related with seed weight and thousand grain weight, others of quantitative traits were mostly significant. Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation for the nine phenotypic traits of 225 parts proso millet germplasm showed that the cumulative contribution rate of before five main components was 84.59%; 4105- 2 from Heilongjiang was lowest in comprehensive evaluation, and the comprehensive evaluation of Linhe big yellow millet was the highest.