试论清代南部县盐的回配

On the Salt Allotment Returning of Nanbu County in Qing Dynasty

道光初年,随着社会形势的好转,南部县盐业有了长足发展,于是出现了回配的呼声,绅灶们希望将改配它厂的盐岸、盐引重新改回南部盐厂采配。不过,在严缉私盐、保障课税的前提下,清政府虽多次下令回配,但受到了盐商的阻挠与抵制,效果并不理想。南盐不得已向甘肃、陕西方向突破了销售范围。南盐的回配与保障盐税、抽收盐厘密不可分,更与私盐关系紧密,关乎着南部等地盐业经济、灶民生活等多个方面。

In early years of Daoguang＇s reign, with the improvement of the social situation, the salt industry in Nanbu county had a rapid development, then the voices of returning salt markets of other counties arose. Gentlemen and well salt producers intended to take the monopoly areas back to Nanbu county. However, on the premise of arresting the salt smugglers and ensuring tax, the qing government ordered local govemments to return the markets to Nanbu county for many times, as salt merchants thwarted and resisted the orders, Nanbu county people＇s plan failed. In this way, the salt produced in Nanbu had to break through the former sales range and expanded to Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. The returning of Nanbu markets attached great importance to collecting tax and salt lijin, even involved the salt economy and salt producers＇ living and had more closely relationship with illegal salt, in Nanbu and other areas.