女性膀胱白斑患者焦虑、抑郁状态及其影响因素

Anxiety and depression in female patients with bladder leukoplakia and its influencing factors

目的：评价女性膀胱白斑患者焦虑、抑郁心理状况并分析其影响因素。方法：对确诊为膀胱白斑的148例女性患者,采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）评估其焦虑、抑郁症状,记录患者性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、经济状况、家族史、婚姻与病程等一般情况,分析抑郁、焦虑症状的影响因素。结果：148例焦虑和抑郁症状发生率分别为31.1%和22.3%,且焦虑和抑郁症状呈正相关关系（P〈0.01）。文化程度、职业、经济状况与病程均为女性膀胱白斑患者焦虑和抑郁情绪发生的危险因素（P〈0.05-P〈0.01）,而年龄、家族史与婚姻均不为膀胱白斑患者焦虑和抑郁情绪发生的危险因素（P〉0.05）。结论：女性膀胱白斑患者存在明显的抑郁和焦虑情绪,与患者文化程度、职业、经济状况及病程长短相关,需要引起重视,给予必要的心理干预。

Objective：To evaluate the anxiety and depression status in female patients with bladder leukoplakia,and investigate its influencing factors. Methods：The anxiety and depression status in 148 female patients with bladder leukoplakia were investigated using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale（SAS） and Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS）. The gender,age,education,occupation,economic state, family history,marriage and course of the disease in all patients were analyzed. Results：The occurrence rates of anxiety and depression in 148 cases were 31. 1% and 22. 3%,respectively,and there was a positive correlation between anxiety and depression（P〈0. 01）. The education,occupation,economic state and course of the disease were the risk factors of anxiety and depression（ P〈0. 05 to P〈0. 01）,the age,family history and marriage were not the risk factors of anxiety and depression（P〉0. 05）. Conclusions：Anxious and depressive status are commonly found in female patients with bladder leukoplakia, which are related to the education, occupation, economic state and course of the disease. It is necessary to pay special attention and psychological intervention in the patients.