黑斑蛙消化道黏膜六种酶的分布与组织定位

Distribution and histological localization of six types of enzymes in the digestive mucosa of Rana nigromaculata

目的：探讨黑斑蛙消化道酸性磷酸酶（ACP）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、非特异性酯酶（NSE）、过氧化物酶（POX）、琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）和腺苷三磷酸酶（ATPase）的分布与组织定位.方法：成体黑斑蛙消化道自食管至直肠分8个部位取材,应用冷冻切片、酶组织化学和光密度定量分析.结果：ACP在整个消化道均检测到酶活性,主要分布于小肠黏膜上皮细胞的顶部和胃腺,在空肠酶活性显著较高;ALP主要分布于十二指肠至直肠的黏膜上皮,在十二指肠和回肠酶活性显著较高;NSE、POX和SDH在整个消化道黏膜均检测到酶活性.NSE主要分布于消化道黏膜上皮和胃腺,在胃贲门部、胃体和十二指肠酶活性显著较高;POX主要分布于胃腺、小肠的黏膜肌层和固有层,在小肠酶活性显著较高;SDH主要分布于消化道黏膜上皮细胞的顶部和胃腺,在胃贲门部、胃体和空肠酶活性显著较高;ATPase在除直肠外的消化道各部位均检测到酶活性,主要分布于小肠黏膜上皮的纹状缘和胃腺,在十二指肠和空肠酶活性显著较高.结论：黑斑蛙消化道黏膜酶的分布同其他动物有相似之处,亦有其自身特点,与其特定的摄食习性和消化吸收机能是相适应的,十二指肠、空肠和回肠均是其主要消化吸收部位.

Objective： To investigate the distribution and histological localization of acid phosphatase （ACP）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, nonspecific esterase （NSE）, peroxidase （POX）, succinate dehydrogenase （SDH）, and adenosine triphosphatase （ATPase） in the digestive tract of Rana nigromaculata. Methods： Tissue samples from adult Rana nigromaculata were obtained from eight parts of the digestive tract from the esophagus to the rectum and studied by frozen section, enzymatic histochemical techniques and quantitative analysis of optical density. Results： ACP was present throughout the digestive tract and mainly distributed in the top of the enterocy-tes and gastric glands, with the highest activity in the jejunurn ALP was distributed in the mucosal epithelium of the intestine from duodenum to rectum, with the highest enzymatic activity in duodenum and ileum NSE, POX and SDH were all detected in the digestive mucosa from esophagus to recturr NSE was located in the epithelium of the digestive mucosa and gastric glands, with the highest activity in stomachus cardiacus, stomachus corpus and duodenum POX was mainly concentrated in gastric glands, the muscularis mucosa and lamina propria in the small intestine, with the highest activity in the small intestine SDH existed in the mucosal epithelium of the digestive tract and gastric glands, with the highest activity in stomachus cardiacus, stomachus corpus and jejunum ATPase was detected in the entire digestive tract except for rectum and mainly distributed in the brush border of the mucosal epithelium in the small intestine, with the highest activity in duodenum and jejunum. Conclusion： The distribution of enzymes in the digestive mucosa of Rana nigromaculata is similar to that of other animals, but some unique features are also observed, which is adaptive to its special feeding habits and digestive functions. The duodenum, jejunum and ileum are all the main digestive and absorptive sites.