颞下颌关节骨骼肌肉系统三维有限元模型的构建

Construction of a 3D finite element model of temporomandibular joints including the musculoskeletal system

目的探讨基于影像学与解剖学构建颞下颌关节(temporomandibular joint,TMJ)骨骼肌肉系统三维有限元模型的可行性,为TMJ生物力学研究提供建模的新思路。方法采集第2代中国虚拟人男性第23号头颅CT图像、咀嚼肌及TMJ关节盘MRI图像,以DICOM格式导入Mimics软件进行三维重建,再通过Geomagic Studio软件配准模型、优化模型及构建关节软骨和关节囊,最后由ANSYS软件定义各组织的材料属性,建立TMJ骨骼肌肉系统的三维有限元模型。结果建立了一个包含关节盘、关节软骨、关节囊、上颌骨(包括颧骨及鼻骨)、下颌骨、颞骨(包括部分顶骨)、蝶骨、上牙列、下牙列、颞肌、咬肌、翼内肌、翼外肌、颞下颌韧带、蝶下颌韧带及茎突下颌韧带的TMJ骨骼肌肉系统的三维有限元模型。结论根据CT、MRI图像和解剖学,利用Mimics、Geomagic Studio及ANSYS可以精确、可行地构建TMJ骨骼肌肉系统的三维有限元模型。模型更加真实还原TMJ的生物力学环境,为TMJ生物力学研究提供新的建模方法,为临床上TMJ疾病的可视化治疗提供仿真平台。

Objective To discuss the feasibility of constructing a 3D finite element model of the temporomandibular joint（ TMJ） including the musculoskeletal system based on imaging and anatomy,and to provide new ideas of modeling for TMJ biomechanical researches. Methods CT images of the skull,MRI images of masticatory muscles and bilateral TMJ from No. 23 Chinese virtual human in the second generation were collected and imported in batches into Mimics in format of DICOM for 3D reconstruction. Then the model was integrated and optimized by Geomagic Studio,and the TMJ capsule and articular cartilage were also constructed. After the material properties of TMJ tissues were defined,a 3D finite element model of TMJ including the musculoskeletal system was finally constructed by ANSYS. Results The 3D finite element model of TMJ with the musculoskeletal system was constructed,including TMJ disc,articular cartilage,TMJ capsule,maxilla（ including zygoma and nasal）,mandible,sphenoid,temporal bones（ including part of parietal）,maxillary teeth,mandibular teeth,temporalis muscles,masseter muscles, medial / lateral pterygoid muscles, temporomandibular ligaments, sphenomandibular ligaments and sylomandibular ligaments. Conclusions Based on CT and MRI images and anatomy,the 3D finite element model of TMJ including the musculoskeletal system can be precisely and feasibly constructed by Mimics,Geomagic Studio and ANSYS. This model can restore the biomechanical environment of the TMJ,provide new ideas of modeling for biomechanical researches on the TMJ,and offer the simulation platform for visualization treatment of TMJ disease in clinic.