重庆市计划妊娠妇女高血压与正常高值血压流行情况及危险因素分析

The prevalence and relevant risk factors of hypertension and prehypertension among women who planned to be pregnant in Chongqing city

目的了解重庆市计划妊娠妇女高血压及正常高值血压流行情况及危险因素。方法采用按比例多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取计划妊娠妇女11 953人进行问卷调查、体格检查并采集静脉血。结果调查对象11 953人中,高血压1086例,检出率9.09%;正常高值血压4301人,检出率35.98%。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析表明,超重（OR=3.22）、肥胖（OR=8.44）、糖尿病（OR=2.43）、35~〈40岁（OR=1.23）、≥40岁（OR=2.65）、渝东南地区（OR=1.30）是高血压的危险因素;高中（OR=0.73）、大学（OR=0.55）是高血压的保护因素。超重（OR=2.03）、肥胖（OR=2.74）、35~〈40岁（OR=1.43）、≥40岁（OR=1.35）、经常被动吸烟（OR=2.01）和生活压力很大（OR=1.34）是正常高值血压的危险因素;大学（OR=0.58）是正常高值血压的保护因素。结论重庆市计划妊娠妇女高血压检出率处于一般水平,正常高值血压检出率较高;高血压及正常高值血压的主要影响因素有超重、肥胖、年龄和文化程度等。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and relevant risk factors of hypertension and prehypertension among women who planned to be pregnant in Chongqing city. Methods A proportionally stratified multi-stage random sampling method was employed to select 11 953 women who planned to be pregnant. All study women completed the questionnaires and physical examinations and provided serum blood samples. Results Of 11 953 study women1 1086 were hypertensive patients with the prevalence of 9.09%, and 4301 were prehypertensive pa- tients with the prevalence of 35.98%. Multivariate Logistic regression analyses indicated that overweight OR=3.2 OR=g. 6 OR=0. 7 ） and obesity （OR=8.44）, diabetes （OR=2.43）, aged 35 to 〈40 （OR=1.23） and ≥40 years old ）, Chongqing southeast region （OR= 1.30） were the risk factors for hypertension, while high school ） and university （OR= 0. 55） educations were the predictive risk factors. As for the prelaypertension, overweight （OR=2.03）, obesity （OR=2.74）, aged 35 to %40（OR= 1.43） and ≥40 （OR= 1.35） years old, regular passive smoking （OR=2.01}, living under great pressure （OR= 1.34） were the risk factors, while university education （OR= 0. 58） was the protective factor. Conclusion In Chongqing city, the prevalence of hypertension among women who planned to be pregnant stays at a general level, while that of prehypertension is relatively high. The main contributing factors for hypertension and prehypertension include overweight, obesity, age, education and so on.