湖北竹山出土西汉金带扣探析

Han Dynasty Gold Belt Buckle Excavated at Zhushan

1975年,在湖北省竹山县城北郊的胡家坡汉代墓地出土一件金带扣,本文就这件金器的纹饰渊源与文化性质进行分析考证。通过与徐州西汉宛朐侯刘埶墓出土同类型金带扣比较发现,左右两件金带扣外加一枚金穿针,才是完整的一套金带扣;竹山出土的这件金带扣仅为右侧的一件,另外3件小型动物金扣饰,应为其附属的缀饰,由此进一步搞清了此类型金带扣的基本形制与使用方法。这件金带扣的纹饰特征同北方草原文化极为相似,但可能并非来自北方草原地区,而是中原金匠在吸收草原文化因素后模仿制作的,这有力证明了北方草原文化对中原文化的影响。这件金带扣的发现,为研究鄂西北汉代考古提供了珍贵的实物资料。

In 1975, four gold objects dating to the Han dynasty were unearthed from a tomb at Hujiapo, north of Zhushan county, Hubei province. They are the only goldware ever discovered in northwest Hubei. Among them there is a gold belt buckle. After a comparison with a gold buckle unearthed from the Western Han tomb of Liu Zhi in Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, it is found out that the current buckle is the remaining part of a belt buckle and the other three animal-shaped objects are decorative parts. Although this buckle is reminiscent in style of the north grassland culture, possibly it was not made in north China but an imitation work made in central China.