贵妃鸡的蛋用性能研究

Egg yield,quality and hatchability of egg-type Houdan

贵妃鸡作为珍禽从欧洲引入我国后,除作为独立珍禽品种外,还参与鸡合成系和配套系的育种。本研究测定了经过4个世代闭锁群选育后笼养贵妃鸡的产蛋性能,统计了19—90周龄存栏母鸡的存活率和产蛋率,检测了36周龄和90周龄的蛋品质,分4批次进行了46—56周龄时的种蛋孵化。结果表明:72周龄入舍鸡产蛋量176.8个,存栏鸡产蛋量187.2个,90周龄入舍鸡产蛋量213.3个,存栏鸡产蛋量228.3个。36周龄贵妃鸡与90周龄相比蛋重差异极显著,蛋壳强度差异极显著,蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋壳厚度、蛋黄颜色等差异不显著。50周龄时贵妃鸡种蛋保存10 d的入孵蛋孵化率74.3%,种蛋保存30 d的入孵蛋孵化率63.6%。贵妃鸡笼养性能稳定,具有较强的抗应激能力,产蛋性能、鸡蛋品质和孵化性能有进一步提高的潜能。

Houdan,as a kind of rare and ornamental bird imported from Europe,was selected for synthetic line of hybrid chicken or broiler /layer commercial lines.This study measured the egg performance of the 4th gen-eration Houdan which were closed selection and cage rearing separately,recorded the survival rate and egg laying rate of hens from 19 to 90 weeks old,evaluated egg quality of 36 weeks old and 90 weeks old,hatched for 4 shifts hen eggs from 46 to 56 weeks old.The results showed that hen-housed and hen-dated production of 72-week-old was 176.8 and 187.2,and that of 90-week-old was 213.3 and 228.3,respectively.Egg weight was highly signifi-cant difference between the 36-week-old and 90-week-old hens,eggshell strength was significant difference,while the albumen height,HA unit,shell thickness and yolk color were not significant difference.Hens（about 50 weeks old）set egg hatchability of 10-day eggs was 74.3%,while that of 30-day eggs was 63.6%.The cage rearing Houdan could be of good behavior generally,with good anti-stress and egg quality,and potential of higher egg production,more tasty and better hatchability.