气调与精油等包装技术联合应用对双孢菇品质的影响

Impact of the Application of MAP Combined with Essential Oil and other Packaging Technology on the Quality of Agaricus Bisporus

目的将天然植物精油、吸湿剂和气调包装技术联合应用于双孢菇的贮藏保鲜。方法联合组为在常温下将双孢菇PE包装袋内充入O2(体积分数为40%)+N2(体积分数为60%)、添加10μL抑菌剂(大蒜精油和肉桂精油的体积比为1∶2)和2 g吸湿剂(丙烯酸与丙烯酰胺共聚),分别设裸露空气放置和单独PE薄膜包装为对照1组、对照2组,定期测试双孢菇的感官评价、乙醇含量、失重率、褐变度、总酚含量和还原糖含量等指标。结果联合组中双孢菇感官品质得到了良好改善,减缓了褐变,降低了失重率,抑制了总酚和还原糖含量的下降,并将裸露放置保存1 d的双孢菇保鲜期延长至8 d。结论抑菌剂、吸湿剂及气调包装技术的联合应用有利于改善双孢菇贮藏品质,明显延长其货架寿命。

The natural plant essential oil, hygroscopic agent and modified atmosphere packaging technology were applied together in the preservation of Agaricus bisporus. At ambient temperature, 3 test groups were set as follows： in the combined application group, the PE bags were filled with 02（40% ）＋N2（60% ）, enclosed with 10 μL antibacterial agent （garlic essential oil ： cinnamon oil = 1：2） and 2 g hygroscopic agent （acrylic acid and acrylamide copolymer）; in control group 1, Agaricus bisporus was preserved in the open air; in control group 2, Agaricus bisporus was preserved in the PE bags without any other packaging technology. Quality indexes of Agaricus bisporus such as sensory quality, weight loss ratio, browning degree, total phenol content and reducing sugar content were regularly tested. The application of combined packaging technology effectively improved the preservation quality of Agaricus bisporus by slowing down browning, reducing loss ratio, and inhibiting the decrease of total phenolics and reducing sugar content. The shelf life of Agaricus bisporus after 1 day exposure in the open air was extended to 8 days. In conclusion, the combined application of antibacterial agent, hygroscopic agent and modified atmosphere packaging technology was beneficial to improving the preservation quality of Agaricus bisporus, and significantly prolonged its shelf life.