私权与公益:知识产权利益冲突及平衡的制度选择

Private Rights and Public Interests:Interests Confliction of Intellectual Property and Institutional Choice for Balancing It

重视知识产权私权利保护是一个历久弥新的法律课题。知识产权国际公约及世界各国的内国法律制度在取得系列成就的同时,也面临着知识产权私权利与社会公益需求的冲突困惑。文章认为:知识产权利益保护既要重视个体创造价值,也要兼顾社会公共利益,在冲突与平衡中寻求最佳支点是现代知识产权法律制度构建的首要选择。在构建知识产权私权与公益冲突之矛盾化解之术的法律制度方面,应努力掌握国际社会规则话语权、承认并适当处理两者之间紧张关系、对私权利适度限制、强化知识产权法律体系的完备等等,在加强顶层制度设计的同时,通过司法实践探索正确路径。

It is a timeless law issue to attach importance to private rights protection related with intellectual property . International convention on intellectual property and domestic law system of countries have achieved a lot on it, but have to face with the confliction between the private rights related with intellectual property and demands for public interests. The paper keeps the view that the interests protection on intellectual property needs concerning on individual creation value and on public interests as well. Searching for the best supporting point among conflictions and balance is chief choice for constructing modern intellectual property law system. On building the legal system for defusing the contradiction between private right of intellectual property and public interests, it＇s necessary to hold the speaking right of international community of rules , to admit and properly handle strained relationships between the two, to moderately limit private rights ,to perfect the strengthening on intellectual property legal system and at the same time of searching for the correct way through juridical practice to reinforce the design of top layer system.