新生儿细菌感染性肺炎的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Analysis of neonatal bacterial pneumonia pathogen and drug resistance

目的探讨新生儿细菌感染性肺炎的病原菌分布特点与耐药性特征,为临床诊疗提供参考依据。方法对2541例新生儿肺炎患儿进行细菌培养与鉴定,并对主要细菌的药物敏感状况进行分析。结果 2541例新生儿细菌感染性肺炎患儿的主要检出病原菌为革兰氏阴性菌1051株(69.97%),其次为革兰氏阳性杆菌451株(30.03%)。在革兰氏阴性菌其中主要为肺炎克雷伯菌(20.04%)和大肠埃希菌(14.58%),其对亚胺培南的敏感性均在90%以上;在革兰氏阳性菌中主要为金黄色葡萄球菌,而金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素100%敏感。结论新生儿细菌感染性肺炎患儿的主要感染病原菌为革兰氏阴性菌,而不同致病菌属的耐药性存在差异,治疗中应按照致病菌的构成及其耐药谱,规范地使用抗菌药物。

Objective To investigate the hospital neonatal bacterial pneumonia infection pathogenic bacteria distri- bution and drug resistance characteristics of children and provide reference basis for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods From January 2013 to January 2014, the neonatal bacterial culture and identification of pneumonia in children were analyzed. Results Of 2541 strains, 1051 strains were Gram-negative bacteria （69.91%） and 452 strains were Gram-positive bacilli （30. 09%）. The main pathogens of Gram-negative bacteria were Pneumonia klebsiella bacteria （30. 00%） and E. coli （28.00M）. 90% of them were sensitive to imipenem. The main pathogen of Gram-positive bacte- ria were Staphylococcus aureus. 100% of them were sensitive to vancomycin. Conclusion It is necessary to use antimicrobial drugs normatively according to the composition of pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance in the spectrum.