预见性护理干预在儿科病房感染中的应用

Predictive nursing intervention applied in pediatric ward infection

目的探讨预防儿科病房内感染的有效护理策略。方法将1455例患儿按其入院治疗时间顺序分为对照组724例,观察组731例。对照组开展常规治疗与护理,观察组在此基础上针对儿科医院感染的常见诱因和部位,采取一系列预见性护理干预,出院时统计分析医院感染发生率。结果观察组患儿医院感染发生率为1.37%,明显低于对照组的3.73%(χ2=7.78,P<0.01)。医院感染的发生部位以呼吸道感染为主,占48.56%;其次是消化道和泌尿道,分别为29.73%、16.22%;呼吸道感染77.78%发生于冬春季节,患儿均与呼吸道病患者有过密切接触;消化道感染70.00%发生于夏秋季节,且均有不洁进食进饮史;泌尿道感染80.00%为农村籍幼女;口腔感染者均无早晚刷牙习惯。结论儿科医院感染发生的主要部位为呼吸道、消化道及泌尿道等。预见性护理干预可有效降低儿科患儿医院感染的发生率,有助于提高医疗和护理质量。

Objective To explore the effective nursing strategy to prevent infection in pediatric wards. Methods 1455 children according to their hospitalization time sequence were divided into the control group （724 cases） and the ob- servation group （731 cases）. The control group carried out routine treatment and nursing. The observation group was treated on the basis of common cause and location for Pediatric Nosocomial infection and takes a series of predictive nurs- ing intervention. The incidence of nosocomial infection was observed. Results The hospital infection rate of observation group （1.37%） was significantly lower than that of the control group （3.73%） （χ2=7.78, P〈0.01）. There were 48.56% infections at respiratory tract, 29.73% infections at digestive tracts and 16.22% infections at urinary tracts. There were 77.78% respiratory tract infection occurred in winter and spring seasons respiratory tract infection and 70 % igestive tract infection occurred summer and autumn. Conclusion The main parts of infection of pediatric hospital are respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract, etc.. Predictive nursing intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection in pediatric patients.