维医传统牛奶浸渍炮制工艺对马钱子镇痛作用及毒性的影响

Influence on Strychni Semen's Analgesic Effect and Toxicity of Milk-ImpregnatedProcessing-Technology of Traditional Uighur Medicine

目的:通过研究不同炮制方法对马钱子镇痛作用及其毒性的影响,为传统维吾尔医采用牛奶浸渍炮制工艺处理毒性药材的合理性提供科学依据。方法:小鼠分别灌胃给予生马钱子、中医砂烫法炮制的马钱子、维医牛奶冷渍炮制的马钱子和维医牛奶热渍炮制的马钱子混悬液,观察小鼠14 d内的活动情况及中毒反应。采用改良寇氏法计算马钱子及其炮制品对小鼠的半数致死量(LD50);采用小鼠扭体试验观察灌胃不同剂量各组马钱子炮制品的扭体反应次数,评价镇痛作用。结果:生马钱子及中医砂烫法炮制的马钱子、维医牛奶冷渍炮制的马钱子和维医牛奶热渍炮制的马钱子对小鼠的LD50分别为273.0、289.3、289.3和339.2 mg/kg。与模型组比较,维医牛奶热渍炮制的马钱子低剂量组以及维医牛奶冷渍炮制的马钱子高、低剂量组小鼠醋酸所致扭体反应次数显著减少(P<0.05)。结论:维吾尔医牛奶热渍法和冷渍法炮制工艺能够增强马钱子对小鼠的镇痛作用,提高其对小鼠的LD50。研究结果阐释了维医牛奶浸渍炮制马钱子增效减毒的药理学机制。

Objective：To investigate the effects of different processing methods on analgesic effect and toxicity of Strychni Semen, and to provide the scientific basis of milk-impregnated-processing-technology of traditional Uighur medicine for toxic medicines. Meth- ods：Three different methods, frying with sand of traditional Chinese medicine （1）, cooled milk-impregnated-processing-technology of tra- ditional Uighur medicine （ 2 ）, and heated milk-impregnated-processing-technology of traditional Uighur medicine （ 3 ） were used to process raw Strychni Semen and the processed products were compared with those in the raw drug（4）. Karber method was used to cacu- late the LDs0. Results ： The LDso of （4）, （ 1 ）, （ 2 ） and （ 3 ） were 273. 0, 289. 3,289. 3 and 339. 2 mg/kg, successively. Low dose group of heated milk-impregnated-processing-technology,low and high dose groups of cooled milk-impregnated-processing-technology had sig- nificant inhibition on the acetic acid-induced writhing reaction in mice（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion：Strychni Semen processed by cooled and heated milk can enhance the analgesic effect in mice while improving the LDso of mouse,which illustrates milk-impregnated-processing- technology＇s pharmacological mechanism on efficacy enhancing and toxicity reducing of Strychni Semen.