中国80年代对外援助报道研究:智慧与尴尬——基于《人民日报》1980-1989年的相关报道分析

China's Foreign Aid Reports and National Image Building in 1980s Based on the Analysis of the Reports in“People's Daily”from 1980 to 1989

以《人民日报》1980-1989年的对外援助报道内容为参考依据,本文考察了20世纪80年代中国对外援助的报道特点。在该时期内,《人民日报》的公开报道仍偏向于对外援助的政治意义,但经济意义隐含。报道中的顺向规律和逆向矛盾,体现出中国从政治上确立既为"援助国"也为"受援国"的双重角色时显现出的智慧与尴尬。在特殊时期里,怎样兼顾相对"高调"的"援助国"和相对"低调"的"受援国"的角色并配合特殊时期的国家发展需求,《人民日报》小心翼翼地探寻着一个恰当的宣传路径。但无论是"高调"还是"低调"都不能与当时的对外援助实际情况和政策直接画等号,其中为了政治和经济发展需求所显示的传播策略,对于今天的对外援助报道和国家形象传播有重要的启示意义。

This paper examines the characteristics of China＇s foreign aid based on the foreign aid reports in ＂People＇s Daily＂ from 1980 to 1989. The public reports in this period are in favor of the political significance, but imply the economic significance. The contradictory laws of these reports reflect the wisdom and embarrassment of ＂People＇s Daily＂ when China are both ＂donor＂ and ＂recipient＂. To keep the dual role and obtain national development requirements in this special period, ＂People＇s Daily＂ cautiously explored an appropriate publicity path. However, the wisdom and embarrassment have significant implications and dissemination of China＇s image. and inspirations for today＇s foreign aid coverage