金银花种植对喀斯特山地土壤理化性质的影响

Effect of Planting Lonicera japonica on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Karst Mountainous Area

为揭示金银花种植对喀斯特山地土壤理化性质的影响,以贵州省关岭-贞丰花江喀斯特石漠化综合治理区为研究对象,采取野外定点监测和指标检测相结合方法,对比研究金银花种植地与自然撂荒地土壤理化性质差异。结果表明:1)金银花地较自然撂荒地土壤容重低17.9%,土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、土壤含水量、毛管持水量及田间持水量均增加;2)金银花地较自然撂荒地其土壤渗透速率增加48.44%,8月份地表平均温度低10℃,土壤侵蚀模数低31.29%;3)金银花地土壤有机质、全N、全P、全K含量以及速效养分中水解N、速效P、速效K含量较自然撂荒地都有增加。结论:喀斯特石漠化地区长期种植金银花能有效改善土壤理化性质,降低土壤温度,防治水土流失,培肥地力,生态效益明显。

The difference of soil physical and chemical properties between planting L.japonica land and natural abandoned land in Guanling and Zhenfeng Karst Rocky Desertification Integrated Governance Region was studied by outdoor fixed-point monitoring and indoor index determination to reveal the effect of planting L.japonica on soil physical and chemical properties in karst mountainous area.The results showed that：1 ）Soil total porosity,capillary porosity,non-capillary porosity,soil moisture,capillary moisture capacity and field moisture capacity of planting L.japonica land all are higher than soil of natural abandoned land but soil bulk density of planting L.japonica soil is 17.9% lower than natural abandoned soil;2）Soil permeation rate of planting L.japonica soil is 48.44% higher than natural abandoned soil but the surface average temperature in August and soil erosion modulus is 10℃ and 31.29% lower than natural abandoned soil respectively;3）The content of organic matter,TN,TP,TK,hydrolytic N,available P and available K all is higher than natural abandoned soil.In conclusion,long-term planting L.japonica can improve soil physical and chemical properties,reduce soil temperature,control water and soil erosion and raise soil fertility effectively and has the obvious ecological benefits.