基于脲衍生物阴离子识别的电化学检测

Electrochemical Analyses of Anion Recognition Based on Urea Derivatives

作为优良的氢键给予体,脲基(—NH—CO—NH—)是构筑阴离子识别受体的理想结构单元。而电化学方法因其方便快捷、灵敏度高等优点,近年来被广泛应用于阴离子的识别检测。本文对脲类受体的电化学阴离子识别进行了讨论,主要包括:(i)归纳整理了电化学阴离子识别的机理,包括识别位点与阴离子结合之后对氧化还原中心的5种扰动机理和溶液中电化学测试受体和阴离子相互作用时常见现象的分析及对应结合常数的计算;(ii)电活性脲类阴离子受体的研究进展,包括受体分子的设计、识别和机理;(iii)探讨了该领域的后续发展方向。

As an excellent hydrogen-bond donor, urea is a kind of ideal unit for constructing anion recognition receptors based on multiple hydrogen bonds. Electrochemical technology has been widely applied in anion binding in recent years due to its rapid, sensitive and convenient measurement. This review summarizes some distinctive aspects of electrochemical analyses of anion recognition based on urea derivatives： （i） we aim to illustrate the mechanisms and methodologies of electrochemical experiments about the interactions between urea receptors modified by the redox-active center and anions in solution, （ii） the most recent advances in the field are also detailed including design, synthesis and the interpretation of the solution behavior, and （iii） the trends of development in this field are discussed.