基坑监测系统中传感网的节点部署

Node Deployment of Sensor Networks in Excavation Monitoring System

基坑监测系统中,需要在各监测点部署传感器节点,系统的监测点围绕基坑工程展开,其监控区域近似圆环。在基站收集监测数据时,离基站越近的区域需要转发的数据越多,节点能量消耗速度也就越快,基站附近的节点将很快消耗完能量,系统随即瘫痪。通过研究圆环形传感网的拓扑特点,得到节点密度公式,使得各区域的总能量与能量消耗速度之比达到平衡。理论分析和仿真实验表明,按照此密度公式部署传感器节点,可显著提高系统生命周期。

It is necessary to deploy sensor nodes in every monitoring point of excavation monitoring system,and monitoring points of the system are established around the excavation pit,with its monitoring area as a circular ring. In the collecting process of monitoring data in base-station,nodes in the region closer to the base-station are required to forward more data,thus energy consumption rate of these nodes would be much faster. When sensor nodes near the base-station consumes the energy up,the system would immediately become paralyzed. By studying the characteristics of circular sensor network topology,the density formula of nodes is derived,thus balancing the ratio of total energy to consumption rate in each region.Theoretical analysis and simulation result indicate that the life-circle of system can be significantly increased by deploying sensor nodes in accordance with this formula.