重庆市主城区苔藓植物区系研究

Study on the Bryoflora in Nine Districts of Chongqing City

对采集的1500份标本进行鉴定并查阅相关文献,共统计出重庆市主城区苔藓植物34科65属206种(含苔类13科14属25种,藓类21科51属181种,重庆市新记录80种),并整理了重庆市主城区苔藓植物名录。其中优势科有丛藓科、青藓科、真藓科、灰藓科、绢藓科和羽藓科,占总种数的62.14%;优势属有青藓属Brachythecium、真藓属Bryum、绢藓属Entodon、美喙藓属Eurhynchium、毛口藓属Trichostomum、凤尾藓属Fissidens、湿地藓属Hyophila和灰藓属Hypnum,占总种数的41.26%。区系成分以北温带和东亚成分为主,分别占32.75%和30.41%;其次是热带成分和中国特有成分。通过与临近4个地区的苔藓植物区系比较发现,重庆市主城区与同纬度的杭州市区苔藓植物区系属、种相似性系数最高;而与其地理距离较近的3个区县的属、种相似性系数较低,这主要是由于重庆市主城区与杭州市区处于同纬度,且均以城市人工生境为主。本研究丰富了重庆市苔藓植物资料,为重庆市苔藓植物区系研究奠定了基础。

Based on 1500 bryophyte sample collections and literature review, 206 species in 65 genera and 34 families of bryophytes from nine districts of Chongqing city are reported in the present paper. Twenty-five species belonging to 14 genera and 13 families were liverworts, and 181 species belonging to 51 genera and 21 families were mosses. Eighty species were recorded in Chongqing city for the first time. The checklist is provided below. Families with more than nine species included Pottiaceae, Brachytheciaceae, Bryaceae, Hypnaceae, Entodontaceae and Thuidiaceae, accounting for 62.14% of total species. Genera with more than five species included Brachythecium, Bryum, Entodon, Eurhynchium, Trichostomum, Fissidens, Hyophila and Hypnum, accounting for 41.26% of total species. Among the floristic types, North Temperate and East Asia were dominant, accounting for 32.75% and 30.41%, respectively, followed by tropical and endemic types. Compared with four adjacent areas, bryoflora in the nine districts of Chongqing had the highest similarity index with the urban area of Hangzhou at both the genera and species levels, but lower similarity indices with the three closer areas. This could be attributed to the same latitude and man-made urban habitats in the nine districts of Chongqing and the urban area of Hangzhou. The present study provides more information about bryophyte flora of Chongqing city, which will be helpful for compiling a bryophyte checklist for the whole city.