硬岩掘进机盘型滚刀回转破岩仿真研究

Research on the Simulation of Cutting Rock Rotary by Hard Rock Tunnel Boring Machine Disc Cutters

硬岩掘进机上盘形滚刀在实际破岩过程中既随刀盘公转,又绕自身轴线自转,是一个复杂的运动过程。滚刀在破岩过程中受到的作用力的计算是进行刀盘设计和推进系统设计的重要依据。针对硬岩掘进机盘型滚刀破岩过程分析和计算的复杂性,应用ABAQUS软件中多体动力学原理建立滚刀组合回转破岩的有限元模型,模型中采用无限元网格施加无反射边界条件,消除模型大小对仿真结果的影响。通过分析计算滚刀破岩中所受的作用力,研究了滚刀回转破岩的刀间距及相位差。仿真结果表明,对于所选用的岩石类型,其最优刀间距为60mm,此时滚刀受到的滚动力最小,破岩质量最大,破岩比能最小;相邻滚刀的最佳相位差为120°,破岩质量最大,比能最小。研究为硬岩掘进机上刀盘刀具的布局研究奠定了基础。

The rock cutting process of the disc cutters on the hard rock TBM is a complex motion process, the disc cutters not only need revolution, but also need rotation around its own axis. In the cutting rock process, forces on disc cutters are important basis of cutterhead design and propulsion system design. For the complexity of analysis and calculation of the rock fragmentation process, the multi-body dynamics method of the ABAQUS software is applied to establish the revolving cutting rock FEA model. In the finite element model, the infinite element is used as the infinite transmitting boundary condition to prevent unexpected fallure induced by reflected stress wave, and to exclude the scale effect associated with the finite dimensions of the rock model. In the process of research, the cutters spacing and phase angle in the rotary cutting are studied while the analysis cutters forces. The results show that for the chosen rock type the optimal cutter spacing is 60 mm, the rolling force is minimum and the broken rock mass is the largest while the specific energy is the least. The phase difference is 120 degrees for the chosen rock type. This study lald a foundation for the cutter layout design.