养老机构老人护理服务需求分析与政策建议

Analysis of nursing service needs of old people in Shanghai nursing institutions for the aged and policy recommendations

目的了解上海市养老机构老人的护理服务需求,并提出针对性政策建议。方法采用信函调查和走访相结合的方式调查19家养老机构,采用问卷调查331名养老机构入住的老人。结果 298名老人患慢性病,206名老人表示就医不方便。在生活护理方面,老人最希望改善伙食、增加营养和协助洗澡。在医疗护理方面,陪同就医和定点医疗机构医务人员上门看病、定期体检的需求位居第一、第二。在心理护理方面,陪同看报、散步、聊天和心理疏导的需求处在较高水平。结论根据老人特殊心理、生理特点及常见疾病,满足养老机构入住老人不同层次的生活护理、医疗护理和心理护理需求,使老人老有所依、病有所养、老有所乐。

Objective To understand the needs of nursing service for the elderly in Shanghai nursing institutions and propose corresponding policy recommendations.Methods A total of 331 old people in 19 nursing institutions were investigated by the letter survey and visits.Results Among them, 298 old people suffered fromchronic diseases and 206 old people said that medical treatment was inconvenient.For life care, the improvement of diet and nutrition and assistance of taking bath were urgent demands of old people.For medical care, being accompanied to undergo medical treatments was the most urgent demand.The family health service and periodic health examination conducted by the medical staff of designated medical institutions was the second most urgent demand.For psychological care, being accompanied to read, walk, and chat and psychological consultation were urgent demands.Conclusion Different levels of needs for life care, medical care, and psychological care of old people in nursing institutions should be satisfied according to the special psychology,physiological characteristics, and common diseases, so as to provide financial support, medical care, and recreation for old people.