2010年-2013年崇左市手足口病监测分析

Surveillance and analysis of HFMD in Chongzuo during 2009-2013

目的对崇左市2010年-2013年手足口病实验室检查结果进行分析,了解4年来崇左市手足口病病原学特征,为实验室诊断手足口病提供参考。方法应用real-time RT-PCR技术检测样本中的肠道病毒(PE)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CVA16)。结果 1 519份各类样本中,检测到肠道病毒阳性411例,EV71病毒特异性基因片段阳性295例,CVA16特异性基因片段阳性297例,1 456例手足口病病例中,CVA16的检出率与EV71相当,分别为20.40%(297/1456)和20.26%(295/1456)。重症及死亡病例中,有35例为EV71核酸阳性,3例为CVA16核酸阳性。可见重症及死亡以EV71为主。男性EV71阳性为193例,CVA16阳性为188例。女性EV71阳性为102例,CVA16阳性为109例。手足口病相关病毒感染中,男性、女性之比为1.81:1(381/211)。结论夏秋季为手足口病高发季节,冬春季发病较低。手足口病流行优势毒株不断发生变化,EV71、CVA16阶段性交替形成优势株流行。6岁及以下年龄组感染手足口病相关病毒最为多见。

Objective By analyzing the laboratory results of hand- foot- mouth disease（HFMD） in Chongzuo during 2010 - 2013, to investigate the pathogenic characteristics of HFMD in Chongzuo in the four years, so as to provide reference for the la- boratory diagnosis of HFMD. Methods Real - time RT - PCR technology was used to detect enterovirns （ PE）, enterevirus 71 （EV71） and coxsackie virus A16 （CVA16） from the samples. Results In 1 519 copies of various types of samples, of which 411 were positive for enter virus, of which 295 were positive for EV71 virus specific gene fragment, of which 297 were positive for CVA16 virus specific gene fragment. In I 456 cases of HFMD, the relevance ratio of CVA16 was equivalent to the relevance ratio of EV71, they were respectively 20.26% （295/1 456） and 20.40% （297/1 456）. In cases of severe and death, there were 35 positive cases for EV71 nucleic acid, and 3 positive cases for CVA16 nucleic acid. Thus it can be seen, EV71 was the main reason to trigger the severe and death. 193 male cases were positive for EV71, and 188 male cases were positive for CVA16. 102 female cases were positive for EVT1, and 109 cases were positive for CV16. In the infection of hand - foot - mouth disease, it had a 1.81 ： 1 （381/211） F ： M ratio. Conclusion Summer and autumn were high -occurrence seasons of HFMD, and winter and spring were low - occurrence seasons. There was an alternate predominance or mixed prevalence of the EV71 and the CVA16. The children aged six and under who infect HFMD are the most common.