混杂防弹复合材料的结构优化及弹道机理分析

Structural Optimization and Ballistic Mechanism Analysis of Hybrid Bulletproof Composite

根据芳纶纤维、高强玻璃纤维和碳纤维力学性能的各向异性和靶板破坏特征,制备单一组分织物及混杂增强复合材料,同时以靶板对弹体的动能吸收能力为研究对象,对复合材料中树脂质量分数和织物铺层顺序进行试验研究及优化,以提高其防弹性能.研究表明:在复合材料靶板面密度接近的情况下,树脂质量分数为20%左右,复合材料的弹道性能最佳;结构优化后,抗压和抗剪切性能好的无机纤维织物放置在着弹面,抗拉性能好的有机纤维织物放置在背弹面,这种混杂复合材料的防弹性能高于单一织物增强复合材料;当混杂复合材料从着弹面到背弹面按照碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维织物的顺序铺层时,得到的靶板具有更佳的防弹性能.

Based on the mechanical anisotropy of high-performance fibers of aramid, S-glass, carbon fiber, and the failure characteristics of targets, composites reinforced by aramid, S-glass or carbon fiber woven fabrics respectively and hybrid composites reinforced by combination of those fabrics were prepared. To improve the ballistic performance, the projectile energy absorption capability, resin mass fraction and stacking sequence were experimentally studied and optimized. The research results show that at about 20% resin mass fraction, the best ballistic performance can be obtained. After stacking sequence optimization, the hybrid composites with better ballistic performance are those With more shear and compression resistant inorganic carbon or S-glass fabrics lying in the frontal side and more tension resistant organic aramid fabric lying in the distal side of the composite target, even higher ballistic performance can be achieved by hybrid composite reinforced by carbon/S-glass/aramid fabrics where aramid fabric lies in the distal side of the composite target.