湿热环境下高强度有氧训练诱发大量排汗对部分物质代谢的影响

Effects of profuse sweating induced by high intensity aerobic training on the metabolism of some substances in humid heat environment

目的 观察湿热环境下高强度有氧训练,引发大量排汗对人体部分物质代谢的影响.方法 抽取广州某部战士56名,在9月、10月训练期间收集运动前后血液、尿液及运动中汗液,检测样本中钾、钠、氯、钙、磷、尿素氮、肌酐、尿酸的浓度变化.结果 运动发汗后,血液中钾（由3.85到4.10 mmol/L）、钠（由142.96 mmol/L到143.82 mmol/L）、肌酐（由61.25 μmol/L到67.65 μmoVL）、尿酸（由358.61 μmol/L到399.63 μmol/L）浓度升高、氯（由100.24 mmol/L到99.31 mmol/L）浓度下降;尿液中尿素氮（由244.52 mmol/L到214.93 mmol/L）、钙（由3.99 mmol/L到2.71 mmol/L）、钠（由197.00 mmol/L到139.96 mmol/L）、氯（由207.35 mmol/L到138.75 mmol/L）、尿酸（由2 608.15 μmol/L到2072.05 μmol/L）浓度降低,钾（由38.82 mmol/L到55.66 mmol/L）、磷（由9.97 mmol/L到12.62 mmol/L）浓度升高,且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.发汗前后尿液中肌酐（P＜0.01）、钙（P＜0.05）浓度变化与汗液成分相关.结论 在湿热环境中,高强度有氧训练对循环系统中无机物和有机物成分的代谢产生影响,排汗可能在物质代谢过程中起重要作用.

Objective To determine whether high intensity aerobic training-induced profuse sweating could affect the metabolism of some substances of human in humid heat environment.Methods Fifty-six soldiers were randomly selected.Potassium,sodium,chloride,calcium,phosphorus,urea nitrogen,creatinine and uric acid concentrations in blood and urine samples collected before and after exercise and sweat samples collected during training were measured.Results Potassium （from 3.85 mmol/L to 4.10 mmol/L）,sodium （from 142.96 mmol/L to 143.82 mmol/L）,creatinine （from 61.25 μ mol/L to 67.65 μmol/L） and uric acid （from 358.61 μmol/L to 399.63 μmol/L） concentrations in blood were increased,and chloride （from 100.24 mmol/L to 99.31 mmol/L） concentration was declined;urea nitrogen （from 244.52 mmol/L to 214.93 mmol/L）,calcium （from 3.99 mmol/L to 2.71 mmol/L）,sodium （from 197.00 mmol/L to 139.96 mmol/L）,chloride （from 207.35 mmol/L to 138.75 mmol/L） and uric acid （from 2 608.15 μmol/L to 2 072.05 μ mol/L） concentrations in urine were reduced,and potassium （from 38.82 mmol/L to 55.66 mmol/L） and phosphorus （from 9.97 mmol/L to 12.62 mmol/L） concentrations were increased （P 〈 0.01）.The changes of urine creatinine（P 〈0.01） and calcium （P 〈 0.05）concentrations before and after sweating were associated with sweat composition.Conclusion Under humid heat environment,high intensity aerobic training results in inorganic and organic ingredients metabolism.Sweating plays an important role in the process.