萃取方式对小麦胚芽油品质的影响研究

Influence of extraction method on quality of wheat germ oil

以稳定化小麦胚芽为原料,分别采用亚临界丁烷、超临界CO2和有机溶剂萃取小麦胚芽油,通过对比分析小麦胚芽油得率、水分含量、酸值、过氧化值、茴香胺值、脂肪酸组成、VE以及氧化稳定性指数(OSI),研究萃取方式对小麦胚芽油品质的影响。结果表明:在3种萃取方式中,超临界CO2萃取的小麦胚芽油水分含量最高,为4.32%;亚临界丁烷萃取的小麦胚芽油的得率(9.24%)、OSI(2.55 h)、VE含量(3 749.79 mg/kg)最高,而有机溶剂萃取的小麦胚芽油的酸值、过氧化值和茴香胺值最高;萃取方式对小麦胚芽油的脂肪酸组成无显著性差异。由此可见,小麦胚芽油的品质受萃取方式的影响,亚临界丁烷萃取的小麦胚芽油品质较高。

The oil was obtained from stabilized wheat germ by subcritical butane extraction, supercritical CO2 extraction and organic solvent extraction respectively, and the yield, moisture content, acid value, peroxide value, anisidine value, fatty acid composition, composition and content of VE and oxidative stability index（OSI） of the three kinds of wheat germ oils were compared and analyzed to study the influence of extraction method on the quality of wheat germ oil. The results showed that the moisture content of supercritical CO2 extracted wheat germ oil was the highest, reaching 4.32% ; the yield （9.24%）, OSI （2.55 h） and VE content （3749.79 mg/kg） of subcritical butane extracted wheat germ oil were the highest, while the acid value, peroxide value and anisidine value of organic solvent extracted wheat germ oil were the highest;extraction method had no significant influence on the fatty acid composition of wheat germ oil. Therefore, the quality of wheat germ oil could be impacted by extraction method, and the quality of subcritical butane extracted wheat germ oil was better.