利用ISSR分子标记研究樱桃李野生类型的遗传多样性及亲缘关系

Genetic Diversity and the Genetic Relationship Among Wild Types of Prunus divaricata By Using ISSR Molecular Markers

利用ISSR分子标记技术对产于中国天山的40个樱桃李（Prunus divaricata Ldb.）野生类型遗传多样性进行研究。通过遗传多样性研究及UPGMA聚类分析显示,野生樱桃李种下类群间遗传多样性有差异,平均多样性指数（I）为0.488,遗传相似系数（Hs）介于0.504-0.851之间,平均为0.678,遗传距离（GD）的范围在0.1270-0.6042之间,等位基因数（Na）和有效等位基因数（Ne）分别为1.908和1.571,而平均Nei基因多样性指数为0.17,平均Shannon信息指数（I）为0.22则显示其群体遗传多样性较低;分子标记下的聚类结果,可将中国天山产的40个樱桃李野生类型归为4大类,结合形态学特征分析,研究表明中国天山的40个野生樱桃李可划分为4个变种,即矮生樱桃李P.divaricata var.humila（N.R.Cui et L.Wang）D.F.Cui,comb.nov.、黑果樱桃李P.divaricata var.nigrooarp（N.R.Cui et L.Wang）D.F.Cui,comb.nov.、红果樱桃李P.divaricata var.phoenicea（Z.Xu）D.F.Cui,comb.nov.和黄果樱桃李P.divaricata var.luteola（N.R.Cui）D.F.Cui,comb.nov.。

This paper used ISSR Molecular Markers to study the genetic diversity and the genetic rela-tionship among 40 types of Prunus divaricata which originated in Tianshan Mountain of China.The study of genetic diversity and the analysis of UPGMA cluster showed that the 40 types of P.divaricate have ge-netic diversity,the average diversity index （I）was 0.488,the genetic similarity coefficient （Hs）ranged from 0.504 to 0.85 1 with an average of 0.678,the genetic distance （GD）varied between 0.127 0 and 0.604 2,the number of alleles （Na）and effective alleles （Ne）was 1.908 and 1.571 respectively,and the population has a low genetic diversity because of the average Nei＇s gene diversity index and the aver-age Shannon＇s information index （I）was 0.17 and 0.22;The 40 types of P.divaricate can be classified into 4 groups from the clustering results of molecular markers,combined with morphological analysis.The results showed that the 40 types of P.divaricate can be divided into four varieties,which were included P.divaricata var.humila （N.R.Cui et L.Wang） D.F.Cui,comb.nov.,P.divaricata var.ni-grooarp （N.R.Cui et L.Wang）D.F.Cui,comb.nov.,P.divaricata var.phoenicea （Z.Xu）D. F.Cui,comb.nov.and P.divaricata var.luteola （N.R.Cui）D.F.Cui,comb.nov..