深圳眼库582例捐献角膜供体资料分析

The analysis of 582 Shenzhen eye bank corneal donors

目的通过对深圳眼库成立14年所获得的582例捐献角膜供体资料进行回顾性分析，探讨深圳模式的角膜捐献以及现阶段获得更多角膜供体的有效方法。方法对深圳眼库2000年2月到2014年10月入库的582例捐献角膜供体资料进行统计分析，包括年捐献量、捐献者性别、年龄、死因、地域、捐献途径、眼球摘取和保存时间等。结果角膜捐献者男性（58％）略多于女性（42％）；年龄跨度在11个月到95岁；捐献者年龄50岁左右者居多（20％）；死亡原因中肿瘤所占比重较大（54％）；深圳当地及接收外省市角膜捐献数量呈现逐年递增又趋于平稳态势；捐献途径以协调员劝捐为主；身后眼球平均摘取时间为4．6h；角膜中期保存液的使用令角膜供体的保存时间由9．8h延长至42．2h。结论深圳眼库成立14年，年角膜捐献量逐渐增多且日趋平稳，这与器官捐献协调员的设立，眼库与深圳红十字会、慈善团体、国内外交流合作等密切相关。深圳的角膜捐献模式遵循了立法先行、媒体合作、多方协作、广开渠道、全民动员的原则，这也为现阶段提高国内角膜捐献率，获得更多角膜供体材料提供了较为有效地借鉴途径。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of corneal donors to Shenzhen Eye Bank during a 14-year period （2000-2014）, to discuss some strategies about improving corneal donation rate at the present stage in china. Methods Retrospective analysis of Shenzhen Eye Bank records from February 2000 to February 2014. Results Among corneal donors, male （58%） was slightly more than female （42%） and the age span from 11 months to 95 years. The highest proportion be- ing in 41-50 years age category and the most common cause of death was malignant tumor （54%）. The donation corneas of Shenzhen local and other provinces has increased step by step then tends to stable situation. The main donation approach is based on the coordinators. Mean ＂death to enucle- ation time＂ and ＂preservation time＂ was 4.6 and 42.2 hours respectively. Using Optisol GS media can significantly extend the preservation time. Conclusions In a 14 years-period, there is an increas- ing trend of donated corneas provided by Shenzhen Eye Bank. That is depended on the establishment of the organ donation coordinator and cooperating with the Shenzhen Red Cross, charities, and foreign exchanges. Therefore, Shenzhen corneal donation model follows： the legislation ftrst, media coordina- tion, multilateral cooperation, more channels opened and national mobilization. This also is the effec- tive path to improve cornea donation rate and get more donor corneas in present stage of China.