棉油皂脚中植物甾醇的提取工艺研究

Study on Extraction Process of Phytosterols in Cottonseed Soapstock

为了探索从棉油皂脚中提取植物甾醇的工艺条件。以皂脚为原料,通过单因素和正交实验优化最佳工艺条件,并对粗品进行纯化,以高效液相色谱法测定的甾醇含量为考察指标。植物甾醇提取的最佳工艺为:皂化料液比1∶3,90℃下皂化3 h,用乙酸乙酯进行萃取,料液比为1∶20,粗甾醇的提取率为75.6%,其中提取得到的β-谷甾醇和菜油甾醇的纯度分别为(66.5±0.47)%、(5.67±0.08)%,其经无水乙醇重结晶两次后,纯度可达91.8%。结果表明最佳提取工艺重现性较好;HPLC法测定甾醇含量结果准确可靠。

The process of extracting phytosterols from Cottonseed Soapstock has been established. Methods：The conditions have been optimized through single factor and orthogonal experiments. The crude extract was purified and the content of phytosterols was determined by HPLC. Results：Optimum extraction conditions were as follows：the Liquid-material ratio is 1∶3;saponification time is 3 h at 90℃;the extraction was carried out with ethyl acetate and the liquid-material ratio is 1∶20;the yield of the crude phytosterols is 75.6%and the purity ofβ-sitosterol and campesterol is （66.5±0.47）%and （5.67±0.08）%, respectively. The purity of total phytosterols has been enhanced from 70 % to 91.8 % after recrystallization with anhydrous ethanol twice. Conclusion：The optimized extraction process indicates satisfied repeatability and the method for determining phytosterols by HPLC is accurate and reliable.