讨赖河流域分水制度辩证分析

Dialectical Analysis of Water Rights System in Taolai River Basin

讨赖河流域分水制度对促进经济的快速发展和社会稳定发挥了重要作用,但分水制度出现了很多不适应性。为了科学合理地评价分水制度,采用辩证的方法,探究了流域分水制度的历史演变,分析了流域分水制度适应当时经济结构、维护流域上下游用水公平和社会稳定的历史意义以及维持下游绿洲生态平衡、形成初始水权雏形的现实意义,指出了流域分水制度不符合"最严格水资源管理制度"要求、未分配地下水水权、与现状供用水不适用等问题,在此基础上提出了修建骨干调蓄工程、建立总量控制与定额管理制度和建立水权、水市场体系等改善分水制度的建议。

The water diversion system plays an important role in promoting the rapid economic development and social stability in Taolai River basin. However, some inelasticity phenomena appear in the system. In order to access the water diversion system, the historical evaluation was studied by dialectical approach to analyze some issues. This paper analyzed historical significance including adapting to the economic structure, maintaining upstream and downstream equity of the basin and social stability, and realistic significance involving of maintaining relatively fair of users＇water use, the stability of oasis in downstream and water right in embryo. Meanwhile, some existing phenomena such as the basin water diversion system was not in line with the requirements of the most strict water resources management system, current water supply and use situation, and groundwater fight distribution and so on were proposed. Based on the above mentioned issues, some suggestions were proposed to improve the water diversion system, including the construction of the diversion and storage project, the establishment of the total amount control and quota management system, as well as the formation of a water right and water market system.