医务人员工作倦怠与主、客观健康的关系分析

A Study of Relations on Job Burnout and Subjective Health and ? Objective Health among Medical Personnel

目的:探讨和分析医务人员工作倦怠与主、客观健康之间的关系。方法:采用Maslach倦怠量表对224名医务人员进行测试。结果:不同主观健康状况医务人员之间仅在情绪衰竭维度上的差异有高度统计学意义(t=-2.899,P=0.004),且评价差者(2.93±1.38)明显高于评价好者(2.39±1.40);不同客观健康状况医务人员之间仅玩世不恭的均分差异有统计学意义(t=-2.244,P=0.026),且患病组(2.45±1.38)高于健康组(1.97±1.40);在工作倦怠的三个维度上,客观健康和主观健康的交互作用均无统计学意义(情绪衰竭:F=1.447,P=0.230;玩世不恭F=0.001,P=0.976;成就感低落:F=0.254,P=0.614);Logistic回归分析结果显示,离职意愿是工作倦怠三个维度的共同影响因素,日工作时间(长度)是情绪衰竭和玩世不恭发生的共同主要影响因素,主观健康则是影响情绪衰竭发生的主要因素之一。结论:主、客观健康状况在评价医务人员工作倦怠感上出现了不一致性,同时也存在一定的联系;应更多地关注医务人员的主观健康状态,对于减少医务人员工作倦怠感的发生有事半功倍的效果。.

Objective To discuss and analyze the relations of job burnout and subjective health and objective health among medical personnel. Methods A total of 224 medical staff were randomly investigating with the Maslach Burnout Inventory--General Survey（MBI-GS）. Results Medical staff with poor subjective health assessment were having significantly higher emotional exhaus- tion than those who with good subjective health assessment（ t =-2. 899 ,P = 0. 004）. Significant difference regarding cynicism be- tween the different objective health groups in medical personnel was found （ t = -2. 244, P = 0. 026） and the score of patient group （2.45 -＋ I. 38）was higher than those of health group（ 1.97 ＋ 1.40）. The interaction of subjective health and objective health of medical personnel were no statistical significance on the three dimensions of job burnout（ emotional exhaustion： F = 1. 447 ,P =0. 230 ; depersonalization F = 0.001, P = 0.976 ; reduced personal accomplishment： F = 0.254, P = 0. 614）. The analysis of logistic regression showed that turnover intention was influencing the total dimensions of job burnout and working time per day might have common influence on emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. In addition, subjective health was also one of effect factors on e- motional exhaustion. Conclusions：There is not only definite relation but also discordance between subjective health and objective health on job burnout of medical workers . More attention must be paid to subjective health of medical personnel so as to get twice the result with half the effort for reducing the incidence of job burnout among them.