发育支持护理在早产低出生体重儿中的应用研究

Study for the application of developmental supportive care for the low birth weight and preterm infant

目的探讨发育支持护理在早产低出生体重儿中的应用价值。方法选择193例早产低出生体重儿,随机分为对照组86例和观察组107例,对照组患儿实施传统护理,观察组患儿在传统护理基础上增加发育支持护理,观察两组患儿体重和黄疸的变化,机械通气情况和并发症发生率以及达全量肠内喂养的时间。结果患儿体质量最大下降比例恢复至出生体重的时间、达全量肠内喂养时间、恢复后体重增长情况、两组患儿第3天、第7天胆红素水平、发生呼吸暂停例数;机械通气持续时间,留置胃管时间两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),而机械通气例数、颅内出血,院内感染发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论发育支持护理对促进早产低出生体重儿的生长发育有重要临床意义。

Objective To study the application value of developmental supportive care（DSC） for premature infants with low birth weight. Method 193 cases of premature infants with low birth weight were randomly divided into the observation group（86 cases） and control group（107 cases）. On the base of conventional treating and nursing for two groups, patients in observation group received the DSC. The change of body weight and jaundice, mechanical ventilation, incidence of complication and the time of complete enteral nutrition were observed and compared. Result There were significant difference in the maximum percentage of the body weight loss, the time to recovery to the birth weight, the time to establish complete enteral nutrition, the average weight gain, the level of the serum bilirubin 3 day and 7 day after birth, the cases of primary apnea, the continuous time of mechanical ventilation and the time of indowelling gastric tube between the two groups（P〈0.01）, but there were no significant difference in the numbers of requiring mechanical ventilation, intracranial hemorrhage and the incidence rate of nosocomial infection （P〈0.05）. Conclusion DSC can accelerate the grow of the weight, shorten the time of the nasogastric tube feeding to the oral feeding, reduce the time of parenteral nutrition, decrease the the time of mechanical ventilation, relieve the jaundice, and facilitate the growth and development of the premature infants with low birth weight.