2014年医院感染现患率调查分析

Investigation and analysis of prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in 2014

目的了解特定时间的医院感染率,真实反映医院感染状况,制定医院感染的预防控制措施,有效降低医院感染率。方法对2014年7月11日医院882例住院患者采用床旁调查和查阅电子病历的方式,进行医院感染现患率调查,填写调查表,对结果使用Excel软件进行数据汇总分析。结果应调查住院患者882例,实际调查882例,实查率100.00%;发生医院感染29例、30例次,感染率3.29%、例次感染率3.40%;抗菌药物使用率30.50%,微生物送检率49.80%;感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占31.00%,其次为泌尿道感染,占27.50%;感染病原菌以铜绿假单胞菌和鲍氏不动杆菌为主,各占18.20%;882例患者中使用抗菌药物269例,抗菌药物使用率30.50%,其中治疗用药、预防用药、治疗+预防用药分别占66.54%、22.30%、11.15%,一联、二联、三联用药分别占81.04%、18.59%、0.37%,送检率49.80%。结论医院感染现患率调查能准确反映医院感染状况和发展趋势,指导医院感染管理人员对易患因素采取针对性的目标性监测,从而降低感染率,预防医院感染暴发。

OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections during specific time ,reflect the actual situation of nosocomial infections ,and put forward the prevention and control measures so as to effectively reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections .METHODS By means of the bedside investigation and review of elec‐tronic medical records ,the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in 882 patients who were hospitalized on Jul 11 ,2014 were investigated ,the questionnaires were filled out ,and the data were aggregated by using Excel soft‐ware .RESULTS Totally 882 hospitalized patients were supposed to be investigated ,and 882 cases were actually in‐vestigated ,with the actual investigation rate of 100 .00% .The nosocomial infections occurred in 29 （30 case‐times） cases with the infection rate of 3 .29% and the case‐time infection rate of 3 .40% .The utilization rate of an‐tibiotics was 30 .50% ,and the submission rate of microorganisms was 49 .80% .Of the patients with infections , 31 .00% had the lower respiratory tract infections ,and 27 .50% had the urinary tract infections .The Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were the predominant species of pathogens causing infections ,and both accounted for 18 .20% ,respectively .Of the 882 patients ,269 have used antibiotics ,with the utilization rate of 30 .50% ;the patients who used antibiotics for treatment accounted for 66 .54% ,the patients who used antibiotics for prophylaxis accounted for 22 .30% ,and the patients who used antibiotics for treatment plus prophylaxis ac‐counted for 11 .15% ;the patients who received one‐drug therapy accounted for 81 .04% ,the patients who received two‐drug therapy accounted for 18 .59% ,and the patients who received three‐drug therapy accounted for 0 .37% ;the submission rate was 49 .80% .CONCLUSION The survey of prevalence rate of nosocomial infections may reflect the actual status and development trend of the nosocomial infections and guide the targeted monitoring of predispo‐sing factors so as to reduce the infection rate and prevent the nosocomial infections .