性别操演理论的经验解释与女性主义方法论反思 以高层两性人才访谈为例

Empirical Explanation of Gender Performance Theory and Reflection upon Feminism Methodology:Basing on Interviews of Upscale Elites

本文运用对高层两性人才的访谈资料,尝试将巴特勒的性别操演理论做经验研究和现实解释,观察两性在性别操演时展现的灵动性和真诚性,并将该理论与女性主义方法论作对比,反思后者潜在的"受害人假定"和"对性别的过度归因"等问题,进而讨论女性主义方法论对研究对象的遴选标准、对研究内容的界定标准和建立于性别差异基础上的研究预设等所遭遇的合法性危机。最后,本文尝试将性别操演理论与女性主义方法论对接,以探讨性别操演理论对性别研究的意义。

Being a representative of postmodern gender theorist, Judith Butler has greatly challenged the traditional gender theories through her famous gender performance theory since two decades ago. This theory, however, has been seldom applied empirically. This current study represents an intention to achieve this by interviewing upscale elites who enjoy special social advantage and show unique sincerity and flexibility when their narration is related to gender. This caters well to the theoretical core of gender performance theory. A contrast between gender performance theory and feminism methodology rises during the interview and the analysis. This provides an opportunity to reflect upon the latter＇ s potential ＂victim assumption＂ and ＂over-attribution to gender＂ standpoints, their subject selection criteria, research angles and research intention which are encountering a crisis of legitimacy. Finally, an intention to bridge the two may offer some actual significance in gender research.