家庭环境对5岁以下儿童死亡的影响分析

Analysis of family environment on the mortality situation of children under 5 year-old

目的了解家庭环境对5岁以下儿童死亡的影响,探索降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的社会家庭干预方法。方法从十堰市2011-2013年5岁以下儿童死亡监测报告卡中随机抽取一定数量的死亡儿童,并以1∶1的配对比例,选取同样数量的存活儿童作为对照组,采用病例-对照的问卷调查法,对儿童家庭环境进行回顾性调查。结果两组儿童家庭环境比较,儿童父母及主要亲戚受教育程度、母亲孕期及儿童出生后的卫生保健、家庭内部和睦程度、家庭经济条件、急救药品的配备、家庭社会关系、儿童是否属计划外生育、是否是留守儿童、家庭周围地理环境、交通环境以及家庭周围5km内是否有医疗机构等因素对儿童死亡有影响。结论要加强家庭卫生保健和内外环境安全,提高5岁以下儿童死亡前的医疗保健服务利用,降低儿童死亡率。

Objective To understand the impact of family environment on children＇s death, and explore intervention methods to reduce children mortality. Methods According to the death information data from 2011 to 2013,a number of dead children and the same number of living children as control group on the matching ratio 1 ： 1 were selected and investi- gated children＇ family using questionnaires. Results Compared between, two groups, factors such as education levels of children＇s parents and relatives＇ health care during perinatal period, family internal harmony degree, family economic condition and the equipped emergency medicine, family＇s social relations, belong to unintended fertility or not and left-behind children or not, geographical environment, traffic environment and whether there was a medical institutions within 5 kilometers a- round the house had impacts on the children＇s mortality. Conclusion It is necessary to improve the family environment,and service use before under-five children death, to reduce children mortality.