医院感染影响因素分析

Analysis on the Influence Factors of Nosocomial Infection

目的了解医院感染现状,探讨住院患者医院感染发生的原因和防治对策,降低医院感染率。方法利用SPSS19.0对某院2012年10月-2014年10月医院感染病例进行回顾性调查分析。结果某院2012年10月-2014年10月院感发生率为5.64%,医院感染部位依次以呼吸道(60.93%)、泌尿系统(13.52%)和消化道(7.04%)为主;住院天数与医院感染率之间存在很强的正相关性(r=0.985,P<0.001);不同年龄段患者发生医院感染率存在显著性差异(x2=198.261,P<0.001),基础疾病、住院环境、侵入性操作也是提高医院感染发生的危险因素。结论加强易感部位护理、减少高危因素影响、健全管理制度、完善医疗设施是控制医院感染的关键。

Objective To understand the current status of nosocomial infection, explore the causes and preventive countermeasures of nosocomial infection among inpatients, thus to decrease the infection rate within hospital. Methods To conduct a retrospectively analysis on the cases of nosocomial infection in a hospital from October 2012 to October 2014 with the application of SPSS19.0. Results The nosocomial infection rate was 5.64% from October 2012 to October 2014, and the infection sites mainly included the respiratory tract （60. 93%）, urinary system （13.52%） and the digestive tract （7.04%） successively; there was strong positive correlation between the number of hospitalization days and the nosocomial infection rate （ r=-0. 985, P〈0. 001） ; The infection rate in patients of different ages also existed significant differences （x2=198. 261, P〈0. 001）. In addition, basic disease, hospital environment and the existence of invasive operation were also the risk factors of nosocomial infection. Conclusions The key points to control nosocomial infection included strengthen the nursing of easily infected sites, reduce high-risk factors, perfect the management system and improve the medical facilities.