学分制背景下大学生教育选择权的保障研究——基于欧、美、日的经验

How to Guarantee College Students' Rights of Choice in the Credit System:On the Basis of European, American and Japanese Experiences

学分制背景下,大学生教育选择权的落实是保障学分制有效实施的核心所在,如何保障大学生教育选择权成为学者们研究的热点与重点。从专业、课程、教师、学习方式及学习进度选择权等五个方面界定了大学生教育选择权,阐述了我国大学生教育选择权的现状及问题,并对欧、美、日在保障学生选择权方面的实践进行了细致的分析。借鉴欧、美、日的做法,提出优化教学规划,增强专业自主选择权;丰富课程内容,优化课程设置;加强师资队伍建设,提高教师素质;重视学生管理,建立导师制度;制定弹性教学计划,建立弹性学制。

In the credit system, college students’ right to choose education is the key to ensure the effective implementation of the credit system. This has been a heated topic for research. This paper describes the current situation and defines college students’ right to choose education from five aspects of selecting： majors, curriculums, teachers, learning styles and learning progress. It then makes a detailed analysis on how efforts have been made to secure students’ right to choose education in Europe, America,Japan. Finally, it puts forward some suggestions in five aspects： optimizing teaching planning and enhancing students’ selection autonomy for majors; enriching courses and optimizing curriculum structure; strengthening development of teachers and improving their quality; emphasizing student management and establishing a tutoring system; and developing flexible teaching plans and setting up a flexible educational system.