2333例35～59岁已婚妇女宫颈疾病分析

Analysis of cervical diseases in 2333 married women aged 35-59 years

目的：了解象山海岛地区农（渔）村妇女宫颈疾病的发病状况，提高宫颈癌的早诊和早治率，提升广大农（渔）村妇女的自我保健意识和健康水平。方法采用妇科内诊检查，采集宫颈细胞进行液基薄层细胞学检查（TCT），对细胞学检查异常的患者进一步行阴道镜检查、人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）检测、宫颈组织病理学检查。结果通过妇科检查发现57．35％的农（渔）村妇女患有宫颈疾病，其中以宫颈糜烂发病率最高（21．35％）；通过TCT检查发现宫颈细胞学异常发生率3．26％，癌前病变发生率120／万，宫颈癌发生率8．57／万。结论 TCT诊断结果采用TBS报告系统，对宫颈癌前病变的检出率高于传统的宫颈刮片巴氏细胞学报告。40-50岁的育龄妇女是宫颈癌的高发人群，持续感染HPV者是重点干预和检测的对象。应加强农（渔）村妇女的健康教育，提高其自我保健意识将有助于宫颈疾病的早期预防。

Objective To understand the incidence status of cervical diseases among rural （fishery） women in Xiangshan area, so as to improve the early diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer and improve the self health care consciousness and health level of rural （ fishery） women.Methods Cervical cells were collected by pelvic examination to perform liquid based thin-layer cytology test （ TCT） , and colposcopy examination, HPV test and histopathological examination were further performed for cases with abnormal cytological results. Results Gynecological examination showed that 57.35%of rural （ fishery） women were diagnosed with cervical diseases and the incidence of cervical erosion was highest （21.35%）.TCT examination revealed that the incidence of abnormal cervical cytology results, precancerous lesions and cervical cancer was 3.26%, 120/10 000 and 8.57/10 000, respectively.Conclusion TCT diagnosis revealed by TBS reporting system was superior to traditional cervical smear pap cytology report in detecting of precancerous lesions.Women of childbearing age ranging 40-50 years are high-risk group developing cervical cancer, and the cases with persistent infection of HPV are the objects of key intervention and testing.Strengthening rural （ fishery ） women ’ s health education and improving their self health care consciousness will contribute to the early prevention of cervical disease.