核事故应急响应中操作干预水平的分析

The use of operational intervention levels in response to nuclear emergency

目的:探讨核事故应急准备和响应中确定和使用操作干预水平(OIL)的目的和方法。方法:根据国际原子能机构相关标准和技术报告,结合我国具体情况,对适于我国使用的核事故应急OIL进行分析。结果:国际原子能机构的最新技术报告对轻水堆核事故给出有针对性的OIL,该OIL推荐值对我国核应急工作具有借鉴意义。结论:我国核应急相关部门应参考国际原子能机构的相关标准和报告,结合我国核设施具体现状,制定出切实可行的核应急OIL,以提高核事故应急能力。

Objective： To discuss the purposes and methods of determining and employing operational intervention levels in preparedness and response for a nuclear emergency. Methods：According to the safety standards and technical reports issued by the International Atomic Energy Agency （IAEA） and combined with specific conditions in China, the operational intervention levels suitable for applying in China are analyzed. Results： The newly published IAEA technical report provided special operational intervention levels for emergency at a light water reactor. The recommended values are practical that our country can use for reference. Conclusion： It is suggested that the related branches for response to nuclear emergency in China establish feasible operational intervention levels by referring to the IAEA reports and taking into account the special conditions of nuclear facilities in China, in order to improve the capability of medical response to nuclear emergency.