从科举到高考:传统的创造性转化

The System of Imperial Exam(Keju)and College Entrance Exam(Gaokao):the Creative Transformation of Tradition

从科举到高考,中国形成了一种"亘古亘今、亦旧亦新"的强大传统,也实现了对传统的创造性转化。中国的精英选拔机制(科举—高考制)与西方不同,强调通过标准化考试,公平、择优选拔人才。高考绝不仅仅是一项教育制度,更是中国特色社会主义道路、理论、制度的重要组成部分,是当代中国政治、社会与文化的汇聚点。因此,我们今天在研讨和推进高考改革时,必须注意总结历史的经验与教训。

A powerful and enduring talent-selection tradition has formed over time in China from ancient imperial exams （Keju） to current college entrance exams （Gaokao）. It realizes the creative transformation of tradition. China＇s elite-selection mechanism （Keju-Gaokao） emphasizes standardized exams and fair competition, which differs from western countries＇. The Gaokao system is not only an educational function, but also an important component of socialism with Chinese characteristics and a focal point at which political, societal and cultural forces play against each other. Therefore, we must summarize the experiences and lessons of history for discussing and promoting the reform of Gaokao system.