秋、冬季刺参养殖池塘菌群的多样性分析

Flora diversity in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus culture ponds in autumn and winter

以黄海和渤海代表性刺参养殖池塘秋、冬季海水和沉积物基因组DNA为模板,以细菌16S r DNA通用引物进行PCR扩增,构建16S r DNA文库并进行测序分析,研究了秋、冬季刺参养殖池塘菌群的多样性。结果表明:海水和沉积物中主要包括11个门类的细菌,即变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、脱铁杆菌门(Deferribacteres)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi);黄海和渤海刺参养殖池塘海水和沉积物中优势类群均为变形菌(变形菌比例>48%);用Shannon指数及Simpson优势度指数分析细菌的多样性,黄、渤海刺参养殖池塘中,冬季沉积物细菌Simpson优势度指数均最低,分别为0.014 89和0.016 50,Shannon指数均最高,分别为6.312和5.695。研究表明,黄海和渤海刺参养殖池塘中,冬季沉积物细菌多样性均最高。

Flora diversity was studied in seawater and sediments in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus culture ponds from Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in autumn and winter based on total DNA extract. The 16S rDNA genes of bacteria were amplified and 16S rDNA gene libraries were constructed. The results showed that 11 known Phyla of bacteria were found in seawater and sediments ： Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Ver- rucomicrobia, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Planctomycetes, Deferribacteres, and Chloroflexi, with dominant Proteobacteria（ 〉48% ）. The bacterial diversity in seawater and sediments in sea cucumber culture ponds was evaluated by Simpson index and Shannon index, with the minimum （0. 014 89 in Yellow Sea and 0.016 50 in Bohai Sea） in winter by Simpson index, and the maximum （6. 312 in Yellow Sea and 5. 695 in Bohai Sea） by Shannon index. The findings indicated that there was the maximal bacterial diversity in sediments of sea cucumber culture ponds from Yellow Sea libraries and Bohai Sea libraries in winter.